The aim of this project was to optimize these experimental parameters to measure murine articular cartilage elastic modulus by AFM micro-indentation. Experimental parameters that affect AFM results include indentation force and cantilever stiffness these are dependent on the tip, sample, and instrument used. For murine articular cartilage, methods differ in two major ways: experimental parameter selection and sample preparation. While atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to test the elastic modulus of articular cartilage before, there is no agreement or consistency in methodologies reported. This is especially true for structural tissues such as articular cartilage, which has a primarily mechanical function that declines after injury and in the early stages of osteoarthritis. The mechanical properties of biological tissues influence their function and can predict degenerative conditions before gross histological or physiological changes are detectable.
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